How do you find the perfect stem?
Although these endings apply to all Latin verbs, each verb's stem changes differently in the perfect tense. To find the stem, use the third principal part, which is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of that verb. To conjugate the perfect present, attach the personal ending to the perfect stem.
What is perfect stem?
In the Perfect and Pluperfect of the Indicative, Subjunctive, and Infinitive moods the Perfect stem is formed in a few different ways: The suffix -v- (-u-) is added to the verb-stem: laud-v-, aud-v-. The suffix -s- is added to the verb-stem: carp-s-.